Advanced Analysis

Treatment detection requires correlating multiple lines of evidence. Heat treatment in corundum leaves characteristic stress fractures around rutile inclusions and healed fingerprints, but not all heated stones show these features; a clean, well-heated stone may show no internal evidence at all. Fracture filling in emerald suppresses the fingerprint inclusions that would otherwise be visible under magnification, but the filling material itself can be identified by its flash effect and RI mismatch with the host. Diffusion treatment in sapphire concentrates colour at the surface, visible as concentrated colour at facet edges when the stone is immersed. Each treatment leaves a different combination of positive and negative evidence, and confident treatment assessment depends on accumulating independent observations rather than relying on any single clue.

The treatment wizard on this page formalises this evidence-accumulation approach. It covers 18 observable clues, including inclusion type, surface texture, colour distribution, spectral absorption anomalies, fluorescence pattern, and magnification features, mapped against 11 treatment categories: heat, fracture filling, surface coating, diffusion, irradiation, oiling, waxing, bleaching, impregnation, laser drilling, and flux healing. Each clue carries positive or negative evidence weights for each treatment type. Submit the clues you have observed and the wizard sums the weights per treatment, producing a confidence-banded conclusion: high confidence when three or more independent indicators align, low confidence when evidence is mixed or a single clue stands alone. This mirrors the reasoning process used in major gemmological laboratories and makes the logic explicit rather than implicit.

The proportion analyzer applies a different kind of multi-parameter assessment to cut quality in round brilliant diamonds. The GIA cut-grade system evaluates seven proportions independently: table percentage, total depth percentage, crown angle, pavilion angle, girdle thickness, culet size, and star length. Each parameter falls into one of five grade bands (Excellent, Very Good, Good, Fair, Poor) according to published GIA thresholds, and the overall cut grade is determined by the lowest-grading individual parameter. Enter the measured proportions from a proportion scope or grading report and the tool displays the per-parameter band for each value, highlights the limiting parameter, and returns the resulting cut grade. Understanding which proportion is pulling the grade down (crown angle too shallow, table too wide, or girdle too thick) gives a precise basis for cut-quality assessment and client communication.